Series of products with different formation stages of titanate nanotubes (TNTs) are synthesized, with the hydrothermal reaction time of 1, 2, 3, 4 days. XRD, SAXS and N₂ adsorption/desorption have been chosen to detect the morphology and structure of various products. Afterwards, the adsorption behavior of Cd(Ⅱ) onto various products are also compared, and possible mechanism for the different adsorption capacities are detected based on their structures. XRD detection depictes that all products are monoclinic system. Results from SAXS and N₂ adsorption/desorption suggeste that the formation processes of TNTs are the disintegration of TiO₂→the formation of titanate nanotubes→the destruction of tubular structures. Among all products, TNTs-3d displayes the best defined structure. As for Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption, Langmuir-Freundlich model can better describe the adsorption isotherm, and the adsorption capacities rank as: TNTs-3d ≈ TNTs-1d > TNTs-4d > TNTs-2d. Further detection proves that gyration radius and pore volume play little role, while BET surface area and the average pore diameter possibly affect the adsorption capacity.